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Project at a Glance Contents on the CD ROM
  • Amino acids are molecules containing an amine group, a carboxylic acid group and a side-chain that varies between different amino acids.
  • The key elements of an amino acid are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
  • Amino acids are critical to life, and have many functions in metabolism. One particularly important function is to serve as the building blocks of proteins, which are linear chains of amino acids. Amino acids can be linked together in varying sequences to form a vast variety of proteins.
  • Twenty-two amino acids are naturally incorporated into polypeptides and are called proteinogenic or standard amino acids. Of these, 20 are encoded by the universal genetic code. Nine standard amino acids are called "essential" for humans because they cannot be created from other compounds by the human body, and so must be taken in as food.
  • When taken up into the human body from the diet, the 22 standard amino acids either are used to synthesize proteins and other biomolecules or are oxidized to urea and carbon dioxide as a source of energy.
  • The oxidation pathway starts with the removal of the amino group by a transaminase, the amino group is then fed into the urea cycle. The other product of transamidation is a keto acid that enters the citric acid cycle.
  • Amino acids are used for a variety of applications in industry, but their main use is as additives to animal feed. This is necessary, since many of the bulk components of these feeds, such as soybeans, either have low levels or lack some of the essential amino acids: Lysine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan are most important in the production of these feeds.
  • In this industry, amino acids are also used to chelate metal cations in order to improve the absorption of minerals from supplements, which may be required to improve the health or production of these animals.
  • Degradation of an amino acid often involves deamination by moving its amino group to alpha-ketoglutarate, forming glutamate. This process involves transaminases, often the same as those used in amination during synthesis.
  • In many vertebrates, the amino group is then removed through the urea cycle and is excreted in the form of urea. However, amino acid degradation can produce uric acid or ammonia instead. For example, serine dehydratase converts serine to pyruvate and ammonia.
  • Some amino acids have special properties such as cysteine, that can form covalent disulfide bonds to other cysteine residues, proline that forms a cycle to the polypeptide backbone, and glycine that is more flexible than other amino acids.
  • Many proteins undergo a range of posttranslational modifications, when additional chemical groups are attached to the amino acids in proteins. Some modifications can produce hydrophobic lipoproteins, or hydrophilic glycoproteins.
  • These type of modification allow the reversible targeting of a protein to a membrane. For example, the addition and removal of the fatty acid palmitic acid to cysteine residues in some signaling proteins causes the proteins to attach and then detach from cell membranes.
  • The kinds of amino acids determine the shape of the proteins formed. Commonly recognized amino acids include glutamine, glycine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and valine. Three of those — phenylalanine, tryptophan, and valine — are essential amino acids for humans; the others are isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, and threonine. The essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body; instead, they must be ingested through food.
  • One of the best-known essential amino acids is tryptophan, which performs several critical functions for people. Tryptophan helps induce normal sleep. It helps reduce anxiety, depression, and artery spasm risk and helps produce a stronger immune system.
  • Tryptophan is perhaps most well-known for its role in producing serotonin, which is what gets all the press at Thanksgiving time for putting you to sleep after the big holiday feast.
  • The essential amino acids must be ingested every day. Failure to get enough of even one of the 10 essential amino acids can result in protein degradation. The human body simply does not store amino acids for later use, as it does with fats and starches. You can find amino acids many places in nature. In fact, more than 300 have been found in the natural world, from such diverse sources as microorganisms and meteorites.
  • Amino acid analysis (AAA) is commonly used in proteomics and food quality testing as a tool to discover the precise amino acid (AA) makeup of samples.
  • The various functions supported by amino acids in the body depend upon proper amino acid metabolism. Metabolic impairments are hidden in many individuals. These impairments may be expressed as subtle symptoms or overt diseases. Amino acids analysis should be considered whenever a thorough nutritional and metabolic workup is desired for an individual.
General Information
  • The Chemistry of Amino Acids
  • Growth promoter - foliar amino-acid preparation
  • Amino Acids & Bodybuilding
  • Introduction to Proteins;
    Amino Acids, the Building Blocks of Proteins
  • Structure & Properties of Amino Acids
  • What are Amino Acids?
  • Amino Acids

Company Profiles

  • Company from China 1
  • Company from China 2
  • Company from China 3
  • Company from China 4
  • Company from Mumbai
  • Company from North Carolina

Production

  • Amino Acid Production
  • Batch Production of Amino Acids
  • A Production of Amino acids under possible primitive earth conditions
  • Exploring the Overproduction of Amino Acids Using the Bilevel Optimization Framework OptKnock
  • Further Observations on the Production of Amino Acids by
    Rat-Liver Mitochondria and other Subcellular Fractions
  • The Monosodium Glutamate Story:The Commercial Production of MSG and Other Amino Acids
  • Amino Acids Production from Fish Proteins Hydrolysis in
    Subcritical Water

Process

  • Deamination of amino acids as a source for ammonia production in human skeletal muscle during prolonged exercise
  • Effect of Inducible thrB Expression on Amino Acid Production in Corynebacterium lactofermentum ATCC 21799
  • Amino acid hydrolysis: old problem, new solutions
  • Modified Amino acid synthesis and applications
  • Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation: Concept and Application
  • Methionine and total sulfur amino acid requirements influenced by stage of production
  • Screening of amino acid salts solutions for application in CO2 capture from flue gas.
  • Amino Acid Oxidation
    and the Production
    of Urea

Application

  • Alleviation of Salinity Effects on Tomato Plants by Application
    of Amino Acids and Growth Regulators
  • Foliar Application of Amino Acids and Micronutrients Enhance Performance of
    Green Bean Crop under Newly Reclaimed Land Conditions
  • Amino Acid - Non-Animal Derived, Suitable for Biopharmaceutical Applications
  • Principles Governing Amino Acid Composition of Integral Membrane Proteins: Application to Topology Prediction
  • The role of synthetic Amino acid in monogastric animal production
  • Therapeutic Uses of Amino Acids
  • Effect of Ringing and Amino Acids Application on Improving Fruiting of Le Conte Pear Trees

Properties

  • Amino Acids: An Introduction to Their Structure, Functions and Biochemical Properties
  • Chemical Properties of Amino Acids and Identification
    of Unknown Amino Acids
  • Amino acid properties
  • Using Physicochemical Properties of Amino Acids to
    induce Graphical Models of Residue Couplings
  • Identification of Protein Motifs Using Conserved
    Amino Acid Properties and Partitioning Techniques
  • Properties of amino acids
  • Relating Physicochemical properties of Amino acid to variable nucleotide substitution patterns among sites
  • Amino Acid Properties and
    Consequences of Substitutions
  • Preparation and Surfactant Properties of Amino Acid-based
    Surfactants
  • Synthesis and Thermophysical Properties of Low Viscosity Amino Acid-Based Ionic Liquids

Kit

  • Application Kits
  • Amino Acid-AQC kit for determination of amino acids
  • ChiroSolv® Resolving Kits
  • Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit For D-amino Acid Oxidase Activator (DAOA)
  • Grom™ Amino Acid Column Kits
  • L-Amino Acid Quantitation Kit
  • Rapid Translation system RTS Amino acid sampler for preparation of specific labelling mixes
  • Amino Acid Starter Kit
  • Test Kit
  • Amino Acid Analysis for Hydrolysate Samples

MSDS

  • Amino Acid APHA for Silica
  • Calibration Standard and
    Amino Acid Test Mixtur
  • Sample Diluent - Amino acid
  • 20 L Amino Acid Kit
  • MSDS List
  • MassTrak™ Amino Acid Analysis Derivatization Kit
  • Amino acid Mixture
  • Silk Amino Acids
  • Amino Acid Supplement Kit

Technology

  • Carbohydrate and Amino Acid Analysis Using 3-D Amperometry
  • Analysis of 25 underivatized amino acids in human
    plasma using ion-pairing reversed-phase liquid
    chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry
  • Application of paper chromatography to the estimation of some free amino acids in tissues of the rat
  • Amino acid biotechnology
  • Determination of amino acid production rate of a
    marine phytoplankton population with 13C and
    gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
  • Analysis of Amino Acids by HPLC
  • Amino acids studied by Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering
  • UPLC Amino acids analysis solutions
Analysis
  • Amino Acids Analysis
    Urine/Plasma
  • Amino acid sequence analysis on collagen
  • Cysteine and Tryptophan Amino Acid Analysis of
    ABRF92-AAA
  • Amino acid analysis
  • Fungal decomposition and Amino acid analysis of mysis relica loven
  • High-Speed Amino Acid Analysis (AAA) on
    1.8 μm Reversed-Phase (RP) Columns
  • Amino Acid Analysis: Aqueous Dimethyl Sulfoxide As Solvent
    for the Ninhydrin Reaction
  • Recommendations to improve the quality of diagnostic quatitative analysis of Amino acid in plasma and urine using cation-exchange liquid chromatography with post column ninhydrin reaction and detection

Product

  • N-ACETYL-L-CYSTEINE (NAC)
  • Amino Fuel Liquid Concentrate
  • L-GLUTAMINE 500mg 100 Capsules
  • Amino Acid Products
  • Amino Acid Powder
  • Amino Acid Standard H

Consultant

  • Consultant from Massachusetts
  • Consultant from California
  • Consultant from America
  • Consultant from USA
  • Consultant from Iowa
  • Consultant from New York
  • Global Consultant

Function & Study

  • Aromatic amino acid aminotransferase activity and indole-3-acetic acid production by associative nitrogen-fixing bacteria
  • Effect of amino acid requirements on the growth and lactic acid production of Pediococcus acidilactici
    culture
  • Effect of some Amino acid on the growth and L-glutamic acid fermentation by an auxotrophic mutant Micrococcus glutamicus AB100.
  • Study on Bacterial Isolates for Amino Acid Production: Improvement in Production of Amino Acids of Commercial Importance
  • Numerical dating algorithms ofamino acid racemization ratios from
    continental ostracodes. Application to the Guadix-Baza Basin (southern Spain)
  • Prediction of protein motions from amino acid
    sequence and its application to protein-protein interaction

Standard & Report

  • Report on Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) Symposium
  • Amino acid education council
  • DDGS and Crystalline Amino Acids are Pricing Out of Swine Diets
  • Amino Acids: A Primer The Feel 21 Health Report
  • Naturally Occurring Amino Acid Substitutions at Arg1174 in the Human Insulin Receptor Result in
    Differential Effects on Receptor Biosynthesis and
    Hybrid Formation, Leading to Discordant
    Clinical Phenotypes
  • Protein and Amino acid requirements in human nutrition
  • Trials show benefits of
    amino acid balancing
  • Efficacy of the FAO Amino Acid Reference Standard for Growth of the Weanling Rat
  • Coverage of any medical intervention discussed in a DHP medical policy is subject to the limitations and exclusions outlined in the member's benefit certificate.

Market

  • Global D-Amino acid market to reach $3.7 billion , according to anew report by global industry Analyst inc.
  • 2010 European Amino Acid Derivatives Product Line Strategy Award
  • Amino Acids Market to Exceed $11 Billion
  • Global Amino Acids Market to Hit $11.6B by 2015
  • Global Amino Acids Market Projected to Grow at a Healthy 6.8% Annually to 2013
  • Commercial Amino Acids
  • Estimating Amino acid requirements of broilers using static: production and dynamic: market based analysis
  • Strong growth in commercial amino acids market
  • Russia’s Market of Amino Acids in 2008
  • Amino acids dominate growth in fermentation products

Patent

  • Amino acid derivatives
  • Amino acid compounds
  • Amino-acid iodine complex
  • Amino acid-trehalose composition
  • Amino acid transporters
  • Fructosyl amino acid oxidase
  • Excitatory amino acid antagonists
  • Alkylation of amino acids
  • Amino acid modified polypeptides
  • Highly concentrated amino acid solution
  • Recovery of amino acid
  • Metal amino acid chelate

Suppliers

  • Amino Acid Suppliers
  • Amino Acid Sellers
  • Amino Acid Selling leads
  • Amino Acid Exporters
  • Amino Acid Manufacturer & Suppliers
  • Amino Acid Distributors
  • China Suppliers

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