- HBCD is a colorless solid with the
chemical formula: C12H18Br6.
- Hexabromocyclododecane(HBCD) is a
man-made chemical that is widely used for flame retardant purposes. It
is long-lasting in the environment and possibly toxic.
- Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD)1 is a
brominated flame retardant used for many years mainly in thermal
insulation foams and in textile coatings.
- HBCD is usually stabilized either
by organo-tin and/or BHT (Butylated Hydroxy Toluene) based systems, as
part of masterbatch preparation.
- The production of HBCDD is a
batch-process.
- HBCD’s main use is in Expanded and
Extruded Polystyrene (EPS and XPS) insulation foam boards which are
widely used by the construction sector.
- Technical 1,2,5,6,9,10-HBCD is
produced by bromination of cis, trans, trans cyclododecatriene
(CDT);
the resulting mixture contains three predominant diastereomers
(α-, β-, and γ-HBCD)
- A method for the detection of the
a, ß and ?-diastereoisomers of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDs) in foods
of animal origin, such as fish, chicken,
milk, butter and so on was
developed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray
ionization mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS) and isotope dilution.
- The interconversion processes of
the major flame retardant – 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD)
investigated– by
the means of statistical thermodynamics based on
classical force-fields.
- A congener-specific method based on
high-performance liquid chromatography /electrospray ionization tandem
mass spectrometry
(HPLC/ES-MS/MS) in the negative ion mode was
developed for the analysis of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD).
- The geographical distribution of
hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) was investigated through analysis of
muscle tissue of skipjack tuna
(Katsuwonus pelamis) collected from
offshore waters of Asia-Pacific region.
- These improved HBCD grades show
excellent performance in XPS application due to their very low impurity
level
- HBCD is produced in one European
plant which is located in the Netherlands. This HBCD production plant
has developed methods and use state of the art technology to control
air, water and solid waste emissions:
- The Canadian government did not
consider HBCD a threat to human health at the levels of current
exposure.
- HBCD is being named a Minnesota
Priority Chemical because it is persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic
and it has been found in the home environment.
- It has been previously reported
that the presence of 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene (CDT) impurities in the
ctt-CDT
utilized for HBCD production can lead to the formation of
minor isomers, however alkoxylated HBCD species
and compounds
containing less than 6 bromine atoms have also been observed in
technical material.
- HBCD is the third most widely used
brominated flame retardant, accounting for 8.2% of total market
demand.
- HBCD is not a listed chemical for
the U.S. Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) program, and therefore there is
no release data available.
- The EU-wide
consumption of HBCDD
few years back was 11,000 tonnes, implying net imports to the EU of
about 5,000 tonnes.
- The estimated releases of HBCDD to
the environment during the manufacture and
formulation of HBCDD are
41 kg to air, 60 kg to waste water and 35 kg to surface
water per
year
- HBCDD is presently only produced at
one site in the Netherlands.
- The total amount of HBCDD used for
micronising was about 1,000 tonnes per year
|
General
Information
- About Hexabromocyclododecane
- Hexabromocyclododecane fact
sheet
- Hexabromocyclododecane general
information
- Hexabromocyclododecane
- Hexabromocyclododecane
introduction
- HBCD
- Hexabromocyclododecane
overview
- Substitution of HBCDD, DEHP,
BBP and DBP
Analysis
- Distribution and
transportability of hexabromocyclododecane
(HBCD) in the Asia-Pacific
region using skipjack tuna as a bioindicator
- Factors Affecting Enantiomeric
Fractions of Hexabromocyclododecane
- Hexabromocyclododecane : Adducts
& Impurities
Application
- Biomagnnification of polybrominated
diphenyl ether and Hexabromocyclododecane flame retardants in the polar
bear food chain in svalbard, norway
- Exposure to Hexabromocyclododecane
(HBCD) emitted into indoor air by drawing flame retarded curtain
- HBCD use & application in EPS
foam insulation
- Hexabromocyclododecane Inhibits
Depolarization-Induced Increase in
Intracellular Calcium Levels and
Neurotransmitter Release in PC12 Cells
- Hexabromocyclododecane in Marine
Species from the Western Scheldt Estuary: Diastereoisomer- and
Enantiomer-Specific Accumulation
- An overview of commercially used
brominated flame retardants,
their applications, their use patterns
in different countries /regions and possible modes of release
Process
- Application Data Sheet for extruded
polystyrene foam (XPS)
- Classical hybrid
Monte-Carlo
simulations of the interconversion of
hexabromocyclododecane
- Detection of α-isomer dominated
HBCD (hexabromocyclododecane) in Swiss fish at levels comparable to
PBDEs (polybrominated diphenyl ethers)
- Determination of α, β, and γ
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in two marine food webs from
Norway.
- Evaluation of the aerobic and
anaerobic transformation of Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in soil and
sediments
- Multi-Mode Molecular Dynamics
Simulation of the Chromatographic Elution Order of
Hexabromocyclododecane Stereoisomers
- Restricting Flammability of
polystyrene:Hexabromocyclododecane π Bond Polystyrene
Technology
- Emission load of
Hexabromocyclododecane in japan based on the substance flow
analysis
- Levels of
Hexabromocyclododecane
in Harbor Porpoises and Common
Dolphins
from Western European
Seas, with Evidence for Stereoisomer-Specific
Biotransformation by Cytochrome P450
- LC-MS/MS analysis of
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) and Tetrabrombisphenol A (TBBPA) flame
retardants in food
- Isomer-specific analysis of
hexabromocyclododecane by LC/MS/MS
Risk
- Toxicological review of
Hexabromocyclododecane
- Initial Risk-Based Prioritization
of High Production Volume Chemicals
- Preliminary health risk assessment
for Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD)
in a flame retarded curtain in
Japan
- Risk Assessment Report on
Hexabromocyclododecane
- Data summary and test plan for
Hexabromocyclododecane
Report
- Biodegradation Study of
Hexabromocyclododecane
Conducted with
1,2,5,6,9,10-Hexabromocyclododecane
- Environmental Monitoring
of
Hexabromocyclodecane
in Europe
- Draft Screening
Assessment
Cyclododecane, 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromo- Chemical Abstracts
Service Registry Number
3194-55-6
- The transformation of
hexabromocyclododecane in aerobic
andanaerobic soils andaquatic
sediments
- Use of environmental specimen
banks
for investigations of emerging pollutants - recent case studies
and outlook for future applications |
Company Profiles
- China Company 1
- China Company 2
- China Company 3
- Company from Israel
Consultant
- Consultant from Belgium
- Consultant from Texas
- Consultant from USA
- Consultant from Washington
MSDS
- Celfort® Extruded Polystyrene
Insulation
- Foamular® Extruded Polystyrene
Insulation
- 1,2,5,6,9,10-Hexabromocyclododecane
- Styrofoam Brand oncology board extruded
polysterene
- Safety data for
1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane
- 1,2,5,6,9,10-Hexabromocyclododecane,
Tech.
Patent
- Preparation of
hexabromocyclododecane.
- Recovery of hexabromocyclododecane
particles.
- Production of
hexabromocyclododecane.
- Alcohol reaction media for
production of hexabromocyclododecane.
- Process for drying
hexabromocyclododecane.
- Process for the preparation of
expandable vinyl aromatic polymer particles containing
hexabromocyclododecane
Regulatory
Act
- Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD)
Action Plan
- Proposal for Harmonised
Classification and Labelling : Substance Name:
Hexabromocyclododecane
- Draft Risk Management evaluation of
Hexabromocyclododecane
- Hexabromocyclododecane
Challenges scientists
and regulators
- Exploration of management options
for Hexabromocyclododecane
(HBCD)
- Summary of the proposal for the
listing of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) in Annex A to
the
Convention
Functional
Effects
- Biochemical Effects of
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) diastereoisomers in
Juvenile Rainbow
trout (Onch orhynchus mykiss)
- Effects of the flame retardant
hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) on the early life development and
metamorphosis of echinoderms
- An evaluation of
hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) for Persistent Organic
Pollutant (POP)
properties and the potential for adverse effects in the
environment
- Effects of Hexabromocyclododecane
and Polybrominated Diphenyl
Ethers on mRNA Expression in Chicken
(Gallus domesticus) Hepatocytes
- Subacute effects of the
brominated flame retardants Hexabromocyclododecane and
tetrabromobisphenol A on hepatic cytocrome P450 levels in
rats
- Subchronic Effects of
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) on Hepatic Gene Expression Profiles in
Rats
Market
- Data on manufacture, import,
export, uses and releases of HBCDD as well as information on potential
alternatives to its use
- An Overview of Alternatives
to
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and
Hexabromocyclododecane
(HBCD)
Suppliers
- Hexabromocyclododecane
Selling leads
- Hexabromocyclododecane Supplier List
- Hexabromocyclododecane Exporters
- Hexabromocyclododecane Manufacturer &
Suppliers
- Hexabromocyclododecane Suppliers
- Hexabromocyclododecane Sellers
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