- Bromine is the
only Liquid nonmetallic element at room temperature. It is a heavy,
mobile, reddish-brown liquid, that evaporates easily at standard
temperature and pressures in a red vapor (its color resembles nitrogen
dioxide) that has a strong disagreeable odor resembling that of
chlorine.
- Seawater
contains 65 parts per million (ppm) bromine, which translates into 100
trillion tons of elemental bromine.
- Elemental
Bromine is used to manufacture a wide variety of Bromine compounds used
in industry and agriculture. Traditionally the largest use of Bromine
was in the production of 1,2-Dibromoethane which in turn was used as a
gasoline anti-knock agent for leaded gasolines before they were largely
phased out due to environmental considerations.
- Bromine is used
to make brominated vegetable oil, which is used as an emulsifier in many
citrus-flavored soft drinks. Aqueous Bromine is orange and can be used
in tests for alkenes and phenols.
- Bromine is also
used in making fumigants, flameproofing agents, water purification
compounds, dyes, medicinals, sanitizes, inorganic bromides for
photography, etc. It is also used to form intermediates in organic
synthesis, where it is preferred to iodine due to its much lower
cost.
- Other promising
new sectors for bromine include swimming pool disinfectants, industrial
water treatment, air conditioning absorption systems and precious metal
leaching.
- Normally,
bromine is stored in amber-coloured glass containers or glass-lined
steel tanks, but dry bromine can be stored in well-designed lead-lined
or monel drums.
- Most of the
bromine produced in the United States was used in the manufacture of
ethylene dibromide(C2H4Br2), a chemical added to leaded gasolines that
prevented the accumulation of lead compounds within the engine.
- Current bromine
production methods are based on modified Kubierschky or steaming out
processes and the Dow chemicals blowing out process.
- Bromine
producers have formed the Bromine Science and Environmental Forum to
tout the safety and value of bromine products, including bromine based
flame retardants.
- Bromine is
corrosive to human tissue in a liquid state and its vapors irritate eyes
and throat. Bromine vapors are very toxic with inhalation.
- Albemarle, Great
Lakes and Dead Sea Bromine in Israel account for more than 80 percent of
world bromine capacity.
- United States is
the major world producer of Bromine, followed by Israel.
- The Chinese
market demand for bromine and derivatives will increase by 7.3% annually
to reach 336,700 metric tons in the year 2010.
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General
- Bromine -
General Information
- Bromine -
Characteristics
- Bromine -
Element
- Periodic Table -
Bromine
- Bromine -
Description
- Bromine -
Properties
- The Pictorial
Periodic Table
- Bromine -
Occurrence
- Bromine
Technology
- Technology
Description
- The Frost &
Sullivan 2006 Technology
- Zinc/Bromine
Technology
- Gas Reaction
Technology
- Bromine Removal
Systems for Chlorine Plants
- Tropodegradable
Bromine-Containing Halocarbons as Foam Blowing Agents
Raw Materials and
Equipment Suppliers
- Bromide
Suppliers
- Sodium Bromide
Suppliers
- Sulphuric Acid
Suppliers
- Ammonium Bromide
Suppliers
- Ammonium Bromide
Suppliers
Preparation
Process
- Process and
Apparatus for Generating Bromine
- Manufacturing
Process
- Bromine
Production
- Bromine
Extraction
- Process for the
Preparation of Bromine and Hydrogen Bromide From Ammonium
Bromide
- Separator for
Zinc/Bromine Secondary Batteries and Production Process
- Analytical
Methods
- Complex bromine
preparation
Products
- Stabrom
- XtraBrom
- Dry
Alagecide
- Brominated Flame
Retardant Products
- Bromine
Products
- Feeders
- Products
Market
- Bromine
Demand
- Domestic
Production and Use
- Bromine -
Domestic Survey Data
- Observations of
the Japanese market for
Australian rambutans
- Electric Energy
Storage Market Analysis Study
Plant
Details
- TATA Chemicals
Ltd.
- The Bromine
Compounds plant
- Solaris ChemTech
- King opens
bromine plant
- Bromine
Plant
- Bromine From Sea
Water
Projects
- The zinc bromine
battery for renewable energy applications
- Zinc Bromine
Battery (ZBB) Energy Storage Demonstration
- Bromine
Project
- Coupled Bromine
Chemistry Affecting Stratospheric Ozone
- Bromine Compound facilities
- Inventions and
Innovations
|
Consultants
- Dr. Albert
Tenney
- Halogen
Chemistry and Biocides Experts
- International
Trade Consultants
- PengFei Chao,
- Quest
Consultants Inc.
Company
Profiles
- Albemarle
- AmeriBrom
- Brominated flame retardants
- Prabhat
Chemiorganics Limited
- King
Technology
- Kinkai Chemicals
Co., Ltd.
- Mody Chemical
Industries
- BROM
Reports
- Jordan to go ahead with U.S. firm to establish
large bromine project
- Bromine
Accumulations in Pine Trees Growing around Bromine Production
Plants
- Jordan: EUR 30
million EIB loan for a bromine plant
- The Bromine
Story
- Standards
Pertaining to Procurement Restrictions for the Inclusion of Chemical
Substances in Products
- Atmospheric
bromine, which attacks ozone layer, is decreasing
- Study Finds
Record High Levels of Toxic Fire Retardants in Breast Milk from American
Mothers
- Global Report on
Validated Alternatives to the Use of Methyl Bromide for Soil
Fumigation
- Reports to the
Nation on Our Changing Planet: Our Ozone Shield
Applications
- Bromine As A
Pesticide
- Bromine
Uses
- Use in Sleeping
Pills
- Use in Halogen
Lamp
- Important
Uses
- SPECTRO Application Note documents analysis of bromine in
fabrics
- Bromine
Applications
- Applications of
Bromine
Hazards
- Bromine -
MSDS
- Effects of
Bromine
- Facts About
Bromine
- Environmental,
Health and Safety Issues in the Coated Wire and Cable Industry
- Occupational
Guideline for Bromine
- Human Health
Effects
- Chemical Profile
of Bromine
- Health and
Safety Guide
Suppliers
- Indian
Manufacturers and Suppliers
- Bromine Compound
Exporters
- Selling
Leads
- Bromine
Manufacturers
- Bromine
Suppliers
- Liquid Bromine
Manufacturers and Suppliers
- Companies
Buyers
- Italian
Buyer
- Indian
Buyers
- Importer
- Indian
Importer
- Bromine
Importers - 1
- Bromine
Importers - 2
- Bromine
Importers - 3
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