Simazine
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• Simazine is a herbicide of the triazine class.
• Controls annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in established alfalfa (except U.S.), apples, asparagus, established
  bermudagrass, caneberries, cherries, citrus, corn, cranberries, grapes, nuts, peaches, pears, ornamental and tree nursery stock, sod production, fairways, lawns, industrial areas.
• In the USA, an estimated 2000 to 2500 tons of simazine are applied to agricultural crops (mainly on corn, fruits and nuts) each year, and an additional 500 tons are applied for nonagricultural uses.
• It mainly enters the marine environment through run off from application sites.
• Simazine is moderately soluble (3,5 mg/L) and has a low tendency to be absorbed to organic matter or into the soil, although it can adsorb to clay particles.
• Therefore simazine is highly mobile and can leach into ground water systems. It has low volatility, therefore losses of simazine by evaporation into the atmosphere are expected to be rather low.
• According to laboratory studies simazine is persistent and able to persist into the environment for months (half-life of 90 days).
• Simazine has a low potential to bioaccumulate in fish and is therefore not expected to biomagnify through food chains.
• Simazine is moderately toxic to aquatic animals. Acute toxicity can in some fishes be caused by concentrations above 3 mg/l, although for most species it takes simazine concentrations above 100 mg/l.
• Oysters die at concentrations above 3,7 mg/l. Algae are highly affected by low concentrations of the herbicide as short exposure concentrations of only 6 µg/l can be lethal to some species.
• At higher rates, it is used for nonselective weed control in industrial areas .Simazine is also used for selective control of algae and submerged weeds in ponds.
• It is approved for algae control
  in swimming pools, large aquaria, ornamental fish ponds, fountains, and recirculating water cooling towers .
• Simazine is more highly adsorbed in muck or high clay soils than in low organic or low clay content soils.
• The downward movement or vertical leaching of simazine occurs at a rather low rate of speed, probably due to the low water solubility of the compound and also adsorption to the soil particles.
• Microbial breakdown is one of several processes involved in the degradation of simazine.
• In soils, microbial activity possibly accounts for decomposition of a significant amount of simazine.
• Under normal climatic conditions, loss of simazine from soil by photodecomposition and/or volatilization is considered insignificant.
• Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Store in sealed original containers, in well-aired, fresh and dry storehouses or in shaded and well-aired places. Avoid sources of heat, free flames, or spark-generating equipment.

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